1์ผ์ฐจ ์˜ค์ „ ์—ฐ์Šต๋ฌธ์ œ

๋ฐฐ์—ด๊ณผ for๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฌธ

(back to exercise)

fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3] {
    let mut result = [[0; 3]; 3];
    for i in 0..3 {
        for j in 0..3 {
            result[j][i] = matrix[i][j];
        }
    }
    return result;
}

fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {
    for row in matrix {
        println!("{row:?}");
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_transpose() {
    let matrix = [
        [101, 102, 103], //
        [201, 202, 203],
        [301, 302, 303],
    ];
    let transposed = transpose(matrix);
    assert_eq!(
        transposed,
        [
            [101, 201, 301], //
            [102, 202, 302],
            [103, 203, 303],
        ]
    );
}

fn main() {
    let matrix = [
        [101, 102, 103], // <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline
        [201, 202, 203],
        [301, 302, 303],
    ];

    println!("matrix:");
    pretty_print(&matrix);

    let transposed = transpose(matrix);
    println!("transposed:");
    pretty_print(&transposed);
}

๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ๋ฌธ์ œ

์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด์Šค์˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด์Šค(slice-of-slices, &[&[i32]])๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅ ํƒ€์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ–‰๋ ฌ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธˆ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๊ฐ’์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— &[&[i32]] ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ ํƒ€์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Vec<Vec<i32>>์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํƒ€์ž…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ญ์‹œ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Vec<Vec<i32>> ํƒ€์ž…์„ &[&[i32]]๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— pretty_print์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ž‡๋‚˜ ์ œ๋„ค๋ฆญ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด std::convert::AsRef ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ž‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด์Šค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒ€์ž…์„ ์ถ”์ƒํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

use std::convert::AsRef;
use std::fmt::Debug;

fn pretty_print<T, Line, Matrix>(matrix: Matrix)
where
    T: Debug,
    // A line references a slice of items
    Line: AsRef<[T]>,
    // A matrix references a slice of lines
    Matrix: AsRef<[Line]>
{
    for row in matrix.as_ref() {
        println!("{:?}", row.as_ref());
    }
}

fn main() {
    // &[&[i32]]
    pretty_print(&[&[1, 2, 3], &[4, 5, 6], &[7, 8, 9]]);
    // [[&str; 2]; 2]
    pretty_print([["a", "b"], ["c", "d"]]);
    // Vec<Vec<i32>>
    pretty_print(vec![vec![1, 2], vec![3, 4]]);
}

๋˜ํ•œ, ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด์Šค ํƒ€์ž…์€ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด์Šค๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธธ์ด์ž„์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด์Šค ํƒ€์ž…์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์—๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋ ฌ์ด ์ „๋‹ฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.